![]() Interestingly, most of these sequenced cp genomes have a typical quadripartite structure with a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) separated by a large single-copy region (LSC) and a small single-copy region (SSC), and they ranged from 120 to 160 Kb in length ( Sugiura, 1992). Approximately, 644 plastid genomes in Viridiplantae have been sequenced and deposited in the NCBI Organelle Genome Resources 1, since the first reports of complete cp genome sequences from tobacco ( Shinozaki et al., 1986) and liverwort ( Ohyama et al., 1986) in 1986. In the genomic and post-genomic era, the mining of genomic information of plant organelles, especially the plant cp genome, is now also of interest. It has its own conservation organization called the “Save the Dawn Redwoods League,” and it has been listed as a critically endangered species (in the Red List) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature ( Walter and Gillett, 1998).Ĭhloroplasts, one member of a family of organelles and the key place for the photosynthetic processing in plants, have been assessed for their roles in plant physiology and biochemistry ( Neuhaus and Emes, 2000 Dyall et al., 2004). glyptostroboides has been the focus of much attention by plant scientists worldwide. Since it was first described in 1948 ( Hu and Cheng, 1948), M. glyptostroboides are restricted to an extremely enclosed valley that is 30 km (south–north) by 20 km (east–west), along with the jointed boundary of the Sichuan, Hubei, and Hunan provinces in central China ( Hu and Cheng, 1948 Bartholomew et al., 1983), even though it has been introduced and then planted worldwide after the 1940s. ![]() The distribution of remaining dark wood and stumps (diameter size in 2–4 m) covered by alluvial deposits, and the relic living trees of M. glyptostroboides is the only relict of this genus and was re-discovered in the early 1940s and denominated by Professors Hu and Cheng ( Hu and Cheng, 1948 Chaney, 1950 Hu, 1980 Yang, 1999). There were around 10 species in the Metasequoia genus, which were once widely distributed across the Northern Hemisphere during the Cretaceous of the Mesozoic and in the Cenozoic. Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng, also known as the dawn redwood or ShuiShan in Chinese (endemic to China), is a well-known “living fossil” tree in plant taxonomy. glyptostroboides in plant systematics and evolution. glyptostroboides will be great helpful for further investigations of this endemic relict woody plant and for in-depth understanding of the evolutionary history of the coniferous cp genomes, especially for the position of M. The complete cp genome sequence information of M. Don and to Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata. glyptostroboides is a sister species to Cryptomeria japonica (L. Finally, phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that M. The five most divergent and five most conserved genes were determined and further phylogenetic analysis was performed among plant species, especially for related species in conifers. Comparison of the cp genome structure and gene order to those of several other land plants indicated that a copy of the inverted repeat (IR) region, which was found to be IR region A (IRA), was lost in the M. ![]() A total of 188 perfect microsatellites were detected through simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis and these were distributed unevenly within the cp genome. In this genome, 11 forward repeats, nine palindromic repeats, and 15 tandem repeats were detected. glyptostroboides cp genome is 131,887 bp in length, with a total of 117 genes comprised of 82 protein-coding genes, 31 tRNA genes and four rRNA genes. Here, we report the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence and the cp genomic features of M. glyptostroboides is the only remaining representative of this genus. There were around 10 species in the Metasequoia genus, which were widely spread across the Northern Hemisphere during the Cretaceous of the Mesozoic and in the Cenozoic. Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng is the only species in the genus Metasequoia Miki ex Hu et Cheng, which belongs to the Cupressaceae family. 3School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China.2College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.1Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.Jinhui Chen 1 †, Zhaodong Hao 1 †, Haibin Xu 2, Liming Yang 3, Guangxin Liu 2, Yu Sheng 1, Chen Zheng 1, Weiwei Zheng 1, Tielong Cheng 2* and Jisen Shi 1*
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